Sheep & Goats:

Barber’s Pole Worm or Wire Worm (Haemonchus spp.), Black Scour Worm or Hair Worm (Trichostrongylus spp.), Brown Stomach Worm (Teladorsagia (Ostertagia) spp.), Nodule Worm (Oesophagostomum spp.), Thin Necked Intestinal Worm (Nematodirus spp.), Hookworm (Bunostomum spp.), Intestinal Worm (Cooperia spp.), Large-mouthed Bowel Worm (Chabertia spp.), Skrjabinema spp., Threadworm (Strongyloides spp.), Whipworm (Trichuris spp.), Gongylonema spp. and Mecistocirrus spp.

Cattle:

Barber’s Pole Worm or Wire Worm (Haemonchus spp.), Brown Stomach Worm (Teladorsagia (Ostertagia) spp.), Black Scour Worm or Hair Worm (Trichostrongylus spp.), Hookworm (Bunostomum spp.), Intestinal Worm (Cooperia spp.), Thread-necked Worm (Nematodirus spp.), Nodule Worm (Oesophagostomum spp.), Threadworm (Strongyloides spp.), Toxocara vitulorum, Whipworm (Trichuris spp.), Gongylonema spp. and Mecistocirrus spp.

Commercially, the most important roundworms/nematodes for cattle, sheep & goats are:

• Haemonchus spp. - No.1 in the world and occurs in warm and moist regions, mostly mixed infections and occurs globally
• Teladorsagia (Ostertagia) spp. - No.1 in the world in temperate climates, mostly mixed infections and occurs globally
• Trichostrongylus spp. - Mostly in mixed infections, globally
• Nematodirus spp. - Mainly temperate climate, mostly mixed infections, globally
• Cooperia spp. - Mainly in warm and moist regions, mostly mixed infections, globally

Mixed infections = several worm species, as above infecting the host animal at the same time.

There is a diverse range of micro-fungi that utilise nematode larvae as a food source in soil, animal faeces and associated live, dead and decaying plant matter. The infective larvae of nematode parasites, which hatch from eggs deposited within faeces (manure) are susceptible to attack by these fungi which are able to proliferate in the faecal pats (Knox, 2003).

Did you know: Duddingtonia flagrans remains inert while passing through the digestive system of grazing animals and into the manure.

Horses:

Large strongyles (large red worms), including Strongylus spp., Triodontophorus spp. and Oesophagodontus spp., small strongyles (small red worms or cyathostomes), including Cyathostomum spp., Cylicocyclus spp. and Cylicostephanus spp., Stomach Hair Worm (Trichostrongylus axei), Ascarids (Parascaris equorum), Threadworms (Strongyloides westeri) and Pinworms (Oxyuris equi).

Commercially, the most important roundworms/nematodes for horses are:

• Cyathostomins (small strongyles (small red worms or cyathostomes) - No.1 problem in horses worldwide. Mostly in mixed infections.
• Parascaris equorum. Ascarids - A serious problem, particularly for young animals, globally.
• Strongylus spp. - One of the most harmful parasites of horses. Mostly in mixed infections.
• Strongyloides westeri - A serious threat for young foals, mainly in warm and moist regions, globally.
• Trichostrongylus axei - A serious problem worldwide, particularly for young animals.
• Habronema spp. - Can be regionally quite important. Found globally.

Mixed infections = several worm species as above infecting the host animal at the same time.

Did you know: Duddingtonia flagrans colonises the faecal pat of the animal and this is where all the action takes place.

Other grazing animals: include deer, alpacas, zoo animals and many more.